The chapter "Globalisation - Contemporary World Politics" provides a detailed exploration of the multifaceted concept of globalisation and its impact on global politics, economies, and cultures. This chapter underscores the interconnectedness of the world and how the flow of ideas, capital, commodities, and people shapes contemporary world politics.
Introduction to CBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter "Globalisation - Contemporary World Politics"
The chapter “Globalisation – Contemporary World Politics” in CBSE Class 12 Political Science elaborates on the concept of globalisation, defining it as the flow of ideas, capital, commodities, and people across different parts of the world. It highlights the multidimensional nature of globalisation, encompassing political, economic, and cultural dimensions.
Concept of Globalisation:
- Globalisation involves the worldwide interconnectedness created by the flows of ideas, capital, commodities, and people.
- It can have both positive and negative consequences.
Causes of Globalisation:
- Technological advancements play a critical role in facilitating globalisation.
- Increased interconnections mean that events in one part of the world can have significant impacts elsewhere.
Consequences of Globalisation:
- Political Consequences:
- Erosion of state capacity, reducing governments’ abilities to control their economies and societies.
- Emergence of a minimalist state focused on core functions like law and order.
- Enhanced state capacity in terms of information collection and governance due to technological advancements.
- Economic Consequences:
- Increased economic flows and trade among countries.
- Greater economic growth and well-being for larger sections of the population, though benefits are unevenly distributed.
- Intense debates on whether economic globalisation benefits only a small elite.
- Cultural Consequences:
- Cultural homogenisation leading to a rise in uniform cultures.
- Cultural heterogenisation promoting distinct and diverse cultural identities.
India and Globalisation:
- Historical perspective on India’s interaction with globalisation, from colonial times to post-independence self-sufficiency.
- Economic reforms in 1991 marked a significant shift towards deregulation and foreign investment.
Resistance to Globalisation:
- Criticism of globalisation for increasing economic inequalities and harming traditional cultures.
- Anti-globalisation movements, including the World Social Forum, which bring together various activists opposed to neoliberal globalisation.
Assignments for CBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter “Globalisation – Contemporary World Politics”
- Case Study Analysis: Select a recent example of globalisation’s impact on a specific country and analyze the outcomes, both positive and negative.
- Research Project: Investigate the role of a multinational corporation in a developing country, examining both the economic benefits and the social challenges it presents.
- Debate Preparation: Prepare for a debate on whether globalisation has done more harm than good for developing nations. Discuss both sides with evidence.
- Chart Creation: Create a flowchart illustrating the major flows in globalisation (ideas, capital, commodities, and people) and their interconnections.
- Role Play: Conduct a mock international trade negotiation where students represent different countries and discuss trade agreements, tariffs, and regulations.
Conclusion
The chapter “Globalisation – Contemporary World Politics” in CBSE Class 12 Political Science equips students with an in-depth understanding of globalisation’s various dimensions and its far-reaching impacts on politics, economies, and cultures. It emphasizes the complexities and interdependencies of the modern world, providing students with the knowledge to critically assess the benefits and challenges of globalisation.
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Questions and Answers for CBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter "Globalisation - Contemporary World Politics"
Q1: What is globalisation?
ANS: Globalisation is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide, involving the flow of ideas, capital, commodities, and people across borders.
Q2: What are the political consequences of globalisation?
ANS: Political consequences of globalisation include the erosion of state capacity, the rise of a minimalist state, and the enhanced ability of states to collect and manage information.
Q3: How does economic globalisation impact countries?
ANS: Economic globalisation involves increased trade and financial flows, leading to greater economic growth and well-being for some, but also creating debates about unequal benefits and economic disparities.
Q4: What is cultural homogenisation?
ANS: Cultural homogenisation refers to the process by which local cultures are transformed or absorbed by a dominant outside culture, leading to a more uniform global culture.
Q5: How has India interacted with globalisation historically?
ANS: India’s interaction with globalisation dates back to colonial times, with significant shifts post-independence towards self-sufficiency, and a major move towards deregulation and foreign investment in 1991.
Q6: What are some criticisms of globalisation?
ANS: Criticisms include increasing economic inequalities, cultural homogenisation, and the perception that globalisation benefits the rich more than the poor.
Q7: What role do anti-globalisation movements play?
ANS: Anti-globalisation movements, such as the World Social Forum, bring together activists to oppose neoliberal globalisation and advocate for social, economic, and environmental justice.
Q8: How does technology facilitate globalisation?
ANS: Technological advancements enable the easier movement of ideas, capital, commodities, and people, thereby facilitating greater interconnectedness globally.
Q9: What are global commons?
ANS: Global commons are natural resources and areas that lie outside the jurisdiction of any single country, such as the atmosphere, oceans, and polar regions, requiring cooperative international management.
Q10: How does globalisation affect cultural identities?
ANS: Globalisation affects cultural identities by promoting cultural exchanges and integration, but also poses the risk of cultural homogenisation and the loss of traditional cultural practices.
