In this lesson we discuss the independence of the Judiciary, the structure of the judiciary and also the appointment and removal of various judges.
Introduction to CBSE Class 11 Social Science Political Science Chapter "Judiciary - India: Constitution at Work"
The “Judiciary – India: Constitution at Work” chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the judicial structure in India, its role in the governance system, and its critical function in interpreting and protecting the Constitution. It begins with an exploration of the different levels of courts in India—from the Supreme Court at the apex, followed by High Courts at the state level, and various subordinate courts at the district and lower levels.
The chapter discusses the appointment and the roles of judges, emphasizing the independence of the judiciary as essential for democratic governance. It highlights the processes involved in the judicial review, through which the judiciary can examine the constitutionality of legislative acts and executive orders.
Key concepts such as Public Interest Litigation (PIL) and the balance of power between the judiciary, the legislature, and the executive are explored in depth. Students learn about landmark cases that have shaped Indian democracy and the principles of justice, equality, and rights. The chapter also addresses the challenges the judiciary faces, such as delays in justice delivery, the need for transparency, and the pressure of public opinion.
Assignments for CBSE Class 11 Social Science Political Science Chapter “Judiciary – India: Constitution at Work”
- Case Study Analysis: Analyze a landmark Supreme Court case to understand its impact on Indian society and law.
- Role Play: Conduct a mock trial in class to understand the court procedures and roles of different judicial officers.
- Debate: Organize a debate on the effectiveness of Public Interest Litigation in promoting social justice.
- Research Project: Research and present on the topic of judicial activism vs. judicial restraint.
- Essay Writing: Write an essay on the importance of judicial independence in a democracy.
Conclusion
The judiciary plays a pivotal role in ensuring that India’s democratic fabric is maintained and that the rights and freedoms of citizens are protected. The chapter “Judiciary – India: Constitution at Work” from CBSE Class 11 Social Science Political Science provides students with an essential understanding of how the judiciary functions as the guardian of the Constitution and the arbiter of justice. This knowledge is crucial for any student aiming to comprehend the workings of Indian democracy and governance.
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Questions and Answers for CBSE Class 11 Social Science Political Science Chapter "Judiciary - India: Constitution at Work"
- Q1: What is the role of the Judiciary in India?
ANS: The judiciary interprets laws, ensures justice, and upholds the Constitution, acting as a check on the powers of the other branches of government. - Q2: How are judges appointed in the Indian judiciary?
ANS: Judges of the higher judiciary in India are appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of the collegium system, which includes senior judges. - Q3: What is judicial review?
ANS: Judicial review is the power of the judiciary to examine the constitutionality of legislative acts and executive orders. - Q4: Explain the significance of Public Interest Litigation (PIL).
ANS: PIL allows the public to file litigations in the interest of the broader public welfare, which has been instrumental in protecting constitutional rights and asserting public rights against state inaction. - Q5: What challenges does the Indian judiciary face today?
ANS: Challenges include a backlog of cases leading to delayed justice, the need for greater transparency, and maintaining independence amidst political pressures. - Q6: What is the structure of the judiciary in India?
ANS: The judiciary in India is structured into three levels: the Supreme Court at the top, followed by the High Courts in each state, and subordinate courts at the district and local levels. - Q7: How does the judiciary maintain its independence?
ANS: The judiciary maintains its independence through secure tenure of judges, salaries and expenses charged on the consolidated fund, and powers to enforce its own decisions. - Q8: What is the importance of the doctrine of separation of powers?
ANS: The doctrine of separation of powers ensures that no single branch of government (executive, legislative, or judicial) can gain too much power, maintaining a balance and preventing abuse. - Q9: What are the implications of judicial activism?
ANS: Judicial activism refers to the proactive role played by the judiciary in protecting the rights of citizens and directing the executive and legislature on their functions, which can lead to tensions between different branches of government. - Q10: Why is the public’s trust in the judiciary important?
ANS: Public trust in the judiciary is crucial for the legitimacy of the judicial system, as it relies on public confidence to enforce laws and ensure an orderly society.
